Understanding Tendinopathies: Lateral & Medial Epicondylitis
In our last post, we began discussing some of the common upper-body tendinopathies we see as physiotherapists, starting with De Quervain’s Tenosynovitis at the wrist. Today, we will be moving up the arm to the elbow and focusing on a pair of very common tendinopathies: Lateral and Medial Epicondylitis or Epicondylalgia, also known as Tennis and Golfer’s Elbow. For the purposes of this blog, we will use the term Epicondylitis rather than Epicondylalgia.
What is Epicondylitis?
The term epicondylitis refers to inflammation or irritation of the tendons attaching to the epicondyles — the bony bumps on the inner and outer parts of your elbow. This inflammation is typically due to overuse or repetitive strain on the forearm muscles and tendons, often seen in individuals who perform repetitive arm movements.
– Lateral epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow) affects the tendons on the outside of the elbow.
– Medial epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow) affects the tendons on the inside of the elbow.
Causes & Symptoms of Epicondylitis:
Lateral Epicondylitis (Tennis Elbow):
- Repetitive wrist extension or gripping motions
- Pain or burning on the outer part of the elbow
- Weak grip strength
- Pain that worsens with wrist extension or lifting. Worse when arm is extended
Medial Epicondylitis (Golfer’s Elbow):
- Repeated wrist flexion or forearm pronation
- Pain and tenderness on the inner side of the elbow
- Stiffness or weakness in the wrist and hand
- Pain with wrist flexion or gripping
Treatment Options:
Both cases of epicondylitis typically respond well to rest and modification of activity. Taking breaks and using ergonomic devices can help reduce further irritation. In addition, bracing or taping can reduce strain on the tendons with activities, and some people may choose to take anti-inflammatory medications to reduce the associated inflammation.
As a physiotherapist, I discuss all of these elements with my patients. Many times, these injuries are multi-factorial in their causes and need a personalized approach. A tailored rehab program can improve flexibility, strength, and tendon healing. Eccentric exercises (where the muscle lengthens under load) can be particularly beneficial in tendon recovery.
5 Key Tips for Epicondylitis:
When I discuss epicondylitis with my patients, I like to mention these 5 key tips in the prevention of further aggravation of their elbow pain.
- Warm up properly before physical activity.
- Use proper technique in sports and work tasks.
- Strengthen your forearm muscles with resistance training.
- Take regular breaks during repetitive tasks.
- Use ergonomic equipment to reduce strain.
Conclusion:
Lateral & Medial Epicondylitis are elbow conditions that can severely impact any activity involving the use of your hands. It can be difficult to know the best course of action, but early intervention, rest, and guided rehabilitation are key to a full recovery. If you have elbow pain or have questions about tendinopathies, consult with one of the physiotherapists at Kamloops Physiotherapy & Sports Injury Centre. We can correctly identify the root cause of your problem and help you begin your journey to recovery.
This blog post was written by physiotherapist Jacob Coelho. To book an appointment with Jacob or one of our other experienced therapists, call 250-314-0788 or book online HERE.